If you have children, managing parenting arrangements can be an emotional part of divorce and separation. You may be used to working together as a family, and now need to consider splitting care between both parties. Deciding on how that works will be different for everyone.
You’ll need to consider:
- How care is shared between parents
- Who is responsible for making decisions
- How to manage daily and long-term plans
Most parents make arrangements based on an agreement of what they think will work best. This may start with a verbal or written agreement, or a structured written agreement called a Parenting Plan. Consent orders are commonly used in Australia to formalise parenting arrangements into a legally binding document when both parents agree on the arrangements.
Consent orders are enforceable if either parent is not abiding by the agreements in place. If no agreement can be reached, court involvement may become necessary. Section 60CC of the Family Law Act is the guiding principle for parenting arrangements in Australia, and looks at what is in the best interests of children involved. If the court decides on your parenting matter, they will use the ‘best interests’ framework to make a parenting order.
Family mediation is generally the first step if you can’t privately negotiate an arrangement. It provides a structured environment where both parties can discuss their needs and what they are hoping to achieve. Mediation is not legally binding itself, but a family lawyer can help you to formalise agreements reached. If an agreement can’t be reached in mediation, you may need to go to court to have a decision made.
Mediation is a requirement before court proceedings can be initiated for parenting matters in most cases, unless there are urgent safety concerns or family violence issues. If mediation is not successful, a section 60I certificate will be issued, which shows the court that mediation has been attempted but did not resolve the issue. This certificate will be valid for 12 months after the mediation was attempted.
A child custody lawyer can advise you on what is best in your situation, look at different ways to share care and help you to understand things like decision-making between parents. This was previously assumed as ‘equal shared decision making’ until this presumption was removed in the 2023 Family Law reforms. In 2026, one or both parents may have decision-making responsibility for their children, regardless of the amount of care either parent has.